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高中人教版英语必修三表语从句知识点

2018-10-25 10:57:09  来源:网络整理

  高中人教版英语必修三表语从句知识点!同学们掌握了英语学习方法,就等于有了明确的方向,大家要注重培养自身的自主学习能力和综合运用语言的能力,下面是小编为大家整理的高中人教版英语必修三表语从句知识点,供同学们学习参考。

 

高中人教版英语必修三各单元知识要点汇总


  表语从句

  1. 定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。

  2. 构成:关联词+简单句

  3. 引导表语从句的关联词的种类: (1) 从属连词that。如: The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如: He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。

 

  注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如: All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。 能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如: It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 (3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。

  解释: 1. 连词because可引导表语从句。如: I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2. 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如: My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。

 

  表语从句:

  就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。

  表语从句是名词性从句的一种。

 

  表语从句的基本结构是:

  “主语+连系动词+关联词+表语从句”。

  连接表语从句的连接词有:

  that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever,whomever,whichever ,whatever等。

  例如:The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

  His suggestion is that we should stay calm.

  ①语序:

  从句的语序必须是陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语”这种形式。

  ②时态:

  当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候,从句可以是任何时态,而当主句是一般过去时的时候,从句,从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态,即(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时)。

  ③连接词:

  当从句意思完整,主句意思肯定时,连接词用that,且可以省去,当从句意思完整,主句意思不确定或含否定含意时,常用if或whether(是否),当从句意思不完整时,连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。

 

  表语从句种类:

  根据关联词来区分,表语从句可以分为六种:

  一、由that引导的表语从句

  The trouble is that he misunderstood me.麻烦的是他误解了我。

  有时,引导表语从句的连词that可以省略

  The truth is (that) I didn’t finish my term essay. 事实是我没有写完学期论文。

  二、由连接代(副)词引导的表语从句

  连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever;

  连接副词where, when, how, why。

  That was what she said this morning in her bedroom.那就是她今天早晨在卧室中说的。

  三、由关系代词型的what引导的从句

  I want to be a teacher. That’s what I want to be.

  我想当老师,那是我的志愿。

  四、关联词是连词because

  比较下面这两个句子:

  I was angry. That was because he didn’t understand me.

  我生气是因为他不理解我。(表语从句强调原因)

  That’s why he got fired from that firm.那正是他被公司解雇的原因。(表语从句强调结果)

  注意:reason作主语或主语中包含事件的起因时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that来引导,而不用because

  That is why ...是常用句型,其中why引导的从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。

  1. That is the reason why ...That is the reason why ...与That is why ...是同义的,

  但是从语法结构上讲,That is the reason why ...中的why引导的是一个定语从句,将其中的the reason去掉后则与That is why ...结构一样了

  2. That is because ...That is because ...也是一个常用句型。

  That is because ...句型中,连词because引导的从句作表语,

  That is because ...与That is why ...之间的不同在于That is because ...指原因或理由,

  That is why ...则指由于各种原因造成的结果

  He did not read Harry Potter last night. That is because he had to help his mother to do the housework.

  昨天晚上他没有读《哈里波特》,那是因为他得帮助他妈妈做家务。

  五、关联词是从属连词whether, as, as if

  The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.

  问题是我们能否赢得大多数民众的支持。

  六. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句

  在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句,谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示,should可省略。

  常见的词有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea等。

  My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.

  我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。

 

  表语从句中需要注意的地方:

  1. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序;

  2. 不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外);

  3. 与宾语从句不同,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

  4. 连接词that一般不能省略,但当主句中含动词do的某种形式时,that可以省略。如:

  What I want to do is (that) I can go up to him and thank him. 我想做的事是走到身边去感谢他。

  5. 当句子的主语是:advice, demand, decision, desire, idea,初中物理, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等名词时,

  表语从句须用虚拟语气,即:should +do。如:

  My advice is that you should go to apologize to him. 我的建议是你应该去向他道歉。

 

  表语从句语法提示:

  应注意的问题:

  1. 连系动词be,appear,seem,look等之后可以跟表语从句。

  It was because he didn't pass the exam.那是因为他没有通过诊断。

  2. 引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。

  1)wh-疑问词

  My question is who left.我想问的是谁离开了。

  2)whether

  My question is whether he left(or not)。 我的问题是他是否离开了。

  注:if不能引导表语从句。

  3)that

  The fact is that he left. 事实是他离开了。

  注:引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略。

  The truth is(that)I didn't go there. 事实是我没去那儿。

  4)because,as,as if,as though

  It's just because he doesn't know her. 这是仅仅因为他不认识她。

  3.表语从句要用陈述语序

  That is where the famous scientist was born.

  4.that和what在引导表语从句时,作用和意义都不相同。

  That本身没有词义,在句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分;what则表示“所……的(人或事)”,在表语从句中充当主语或宾语等。

  That fact is that more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water.

  5.If 与whether均意为“是否”,但引导表语从句时,只能用whether, 不能用if。

  The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.

  6.As, if, though引导的表语从句时,从句谓语多用虚拟语气。

  这是因为从句中的情况与事实不相符。具体来说,如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去式;

  如果从句表示与过去事实相反时,谓语动词要用“had +过去分词”,如果从句表示将来的可能性不大,用would (might ,could )+动词原形,如:

  Li Lei is now in a new jacket he looks as if he were an American boy.

  但是,如果as if ,as though 引导的表语从句所表示的与事实相符,从句则用陈述语气,如:

  The clouds are gathering. It looks as if is going to rain.


  以上就是小编为大家整理的高中人教版英语必修三表语从句知识点,同学们还有其他学习上的问题,可拨打爱智康课程免费咨询热线电话:4000-121-121 .那里有专业的老师为大家解答。

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