2021年杭州高二年级英语下学期第一单元知识点

　　2021年杭州高二年级英语下学期先进单元知识点！同学们你们知道，英语是属于印欧语系中日耳曼语族下的西日耳曼语支，它是通过英国的殖民活动传播到世界各地的。下面是小编为大家整理的2021年杭州高二年级英语下学期先进单元知识点，供同学们学习参考。

2021年杭州高中各年级下学期先进单元知识点汇总

　　主谓一致

　　英语句子要求句子的谓语与主语在人称和数上要一致。

　　主谓一致遵守三条原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。

　　1.语法一致

　　语法一致是指主语和谓语在形势上的一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式;主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。语法一致是主谓一致的主要原则。

　　注意以下几点。

　　1)可数名词单数、不可数名词、不定代词、动词不定式、动词v-ing形式、从句等作主语时，谓语通常用单数。主语为复数或表语为复数时，谓语用复数形式。

　　e.g.Much milk is offered to him.(不可数名词作主语)

　　Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.(V-ing形式作主语)

　　To nod one’s head means agreement.(动词不定式作主语)

　　What they said is true.(从句作主语)

　　Something is wrong with my bike.(不定代词作主语)

　　What they need are books.(表语为复数)

　　2)and连接主语时，注意以下几点：

　　and或both…and连接的并列主语，谓语动词用复数。但是并列主语如果指的是同一件事或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。

　　e.g.Both Jim and I are honest.

　　Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this school.

　　The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.

　　His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

　　When and where to build the new factory is not decided.

　　凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词时，谓语用复数;如果只有前一个名词带the(a或物主代词)，则谓语用单数。

　　e.g.The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio.

　　这位教授和这位作者已经出版了几本有关无线电的书。

　　The poet and writer is gone.那个诗人兼作家走了。

　　A round and a square table were exhibited in the shop window.

　　橱窗里展览了一张圆桌和一张方桌。

　　3)主语+介词(短语)

　　A

　　with

　　together with

　　along with

　　but,like

　　except,including

　　besides,as well as

　　+B+v.(动词与A一致)

　　e.g.Nothing but stamps and envelops is for sale.

　　The teacher with a number of students plants trees every year.

　　4)下列情况谓语动词用单数

　　e.g.Every boy and every girl knows that each day and each hour brings its duty.

　　The number of the books in this library is 20,000.

　　e.g.The rich are not always happy.富人并不总是快乐的。

　　The beautiful is higher than the good.美的事物高于好的事物。